SemiAnalysis – 100k cluster

This is site that a friend shared with me some months ago. And it is PURE gold from my point of view. They share a lot info free but not all, you have to subscribe/pay for the whole report. I would pay for it if my job were in that “business”

This is the link for a 100k GPU cluster.

It covers all details for building such infrastructure up to the network/hardware side. So from power distribution, cooling, racking, network design, etc. All is there.

It is something to read slowly to try to digest all the info.

This report for electrical systems (p1) shows the power facilities can be as big as the datacenter itself! So it is not rear to read hyperscalers want nuclear reactors.

Inch, Dig, Microarch, LLM101, Eureka, D-Wave, Etched Transformers, MatMul, Born To Run, Paris Bakeries, Demons

Inch by inch

Biggest impacts on health (35m): Tracking, Environment and Genetics.

Just Dig it: Very interesting company. I just dont understand if it is an ONG or for profit. Still, very cool mission

Microarch club: Looks very interesting but I can’t find time to listen to it.

LLM101: Another if you have time.

Eureka labs: Company behind LLM101

D-Wave 2024: Now everything is about AI, but quantum computing still can be a thing? I remember when the news came out about the fist commercial quantum computer

Etched: Transformers chip

MatMul free: I already linked this paper but these are “applications”: link1 link2

Interview about Born to Run: I liked the book and somehow now youtube shows me things related. This is the first video I watch from Rich Roll’s channel and I liked it. It starts with the announcement of the 2nd book that I think I will buy at some point. And I need to check Eric Orton work as I want to improve my running (and recover from my injury) and see how i can do it with my “broken” knee and age.. I am starting to do the exercises recommended at the end as want to see if I can get to a bit more minimal shoes at some point. Let’s see how it goes.

Paris Bakeries: I need to get back to Paris. I am going to start collecting sites to visit there:

Apollonia Poilâne
Cedric Grolet
pastry combos

Overcome your demons: I read this book a couple of years ago, and this video is a reminder that I need to read it again.

AI will save the world, Nutanix kernel upgrade, GPU Programming

AI will save the world: Positive view of the AI development. Interesting the attack to China/Karl Marx at the end. In general I feel confident this will be good.

Nutanix kernel upgrade story: This is a bit hardcore for me (and looks a bit old from 2021) but still quite interesting how they did the troubleshooting.

GPU programming: I have never read about how to code for a GPU and this looks interesting and quite different from what I would do in a CPU. From the “Execution Model of the GPU” I started to lose track. Still is nice to see a summary at the end and resources/books.

Meta GenAI Infra, Oracle RDMA, Cerebras, Co-packaged optics, devin, figure01, summarize youtube videos, pdf linux cli, levulinic acid

Meta GenAI infra: link. Interesting they have built two cluster one Ethernet and the other Infiniband, both without bottlenecks. I don’t understand if Gran Teton is where they install the NVIDIA GPUs? And for storage, I would expect something based on ZFS or similar. For performance, “We also optimized our network routing strategy”. And it is critical the “debuggability” for a system of this size. How quick you can detect a faulty cable, port, gpu, etc?

Oracle RDMA: This is an ethernet deployment with RDMA. The interesting part is the development DC-QCN (some ECN enhancement)

Cerebras WSE-3: Looks like outside NVIDIA and AMD, this is the only other option. I wonder how much you need to change your code to work in this setup? They say it is easier… I like the pictures about the cooling and racks.

Co-packaged optics: Interesting to see if this becomes a new “normal”. No more flapping links anybody? It is the fiber or replace the whole switch….

I have been watching several videos lately and I would like to be able to get a tool to give a quick summary of the video so I can have notes (and check if the tool is good). Some tools: summarize.tech, sumtubeai

video1, video2, video3, video4, video5, video6, video7, video8, video9, video10, video11

Devin and Figure01: Looks amazing and scary. I will need one robot for my dream bakery.

I wanted to “extract” some pages from different pdfs in just one file. “qpdf” looks like the tool for it.

qpdf --empty --pages first.pdf 1-2 second.pdf 1 -- combined.pdf

levulinic acid: I learnt about it from this news.

Life, Love, Sex, Negative Beliefs, startup regrets, nanog90, Groq LPU, LLM from scratch, ssh3, eBFP BGP, RPKI, TIANHE-3

I hit rock bottom this week. I hope I finally closed one door in my life so I give myself the chance to open others. Made the wrong decision? It is easy when you look back. Do I regret it? The most annoying thing is these are failures so you can’t go back and recover. But I was so bloody newbie!!!…. At least after 5 years…

“For every reason it’s not possible, there are hundreds of people who have faced the same circumstances and succeeded.” Jack Canfield

Head down, crying, cursing, whatever, but forwards. As it has always been.

—-

Somehow managed to list to long videos, something I normally can’t manage (because lack of time, etc)

Negative Beliefs, avoid bitterness, aim for greatness (remarkable things), scape the darkness: Jordan B Peterson with Modern Wisdom: video, podcast.

Find and keep Love: video. 1st Get your shit together. Communication is critical. Be careful with your shopping list….

Good Sex: video. Communicate….

Orgasm: video. Haven’t seen it completely yet but very interesting. Use your tongue wisely.

— Other things:

Startup decisions and regrets: page. Interesting. I think most of things are very specific but still good to read.

Nanog90: agenda I didnt want the videos but I reviewed several pdfs and these ones look interesting:

Abstract Ponderings: A ten-year retrospective. Rob Shakir – Google: video

https://rob.sh/post/reimagining-network-devices/
https://rob.sh/post/coaching/
https://cdn.rob.sh/files/the-next-spring-forward_2018.pdf
https://research.google/research-areas/networking/

AI Data Center networks – Juniper – video

Using gNOI capabilities to simplify software upgrade use case: video – I had to idea about gNOI so looks interesting. It is crazy that still in XXI, automating a network device is so painful. Thanks to all vendors to make your life miserable.

Go lang for network engineers: video slides– I always thought that Golang had a massive potential for network automation but there was always lack of support and python is the king. So nice to see that Arista has things to offer.

PTP in Meta: video and blog.

There are more things, but havent had the chance to review them.

—-

It looks there is new chatbot that is not using the standard NVIDIA GPU. Groq uses LPU (Language Processing Unit). And they say it is better than a GPU. They have this paper but I can’t really see feature of that LPU.

Slurp’it: Show this blog, and the product looks interesting but although is free, it is not opensource and at the end of they you dont want a new vendor-lockin

Container lab in kubernetes: Clabernetes. I would like to play with this one day.

NetDev0x17: videos and sessions. link This is quite low details and most of the time beyond my knowledge. Again, something to take a look at some point.

LLM from scratch: repo. Looks very interesting. But the book it is going to take a long time to hit the market.

ssh3: repo. Interesting experiment.

eBFP and BGP: blog. Really interesting. Another thing that always wanted to play with.

Orange RPKI: old news but still interesting to see how much damaged can cause RPKI in the wrong hands…

China TIANHE-3 Supercomputer: Very interesting. Link.

AWS Intent-Driven 2023- Groq – Graviton4 -Liquid Cooling – Petals – Google – Crawler – VAX – dmesg

AWS Reinvent Intent-Driven Network Infra: Interesting video about Intent-driven networking in AWS. This is the paper he shows in the presentation. Same note as last year, leaf-spine, pizza boxes, all home made. The development of the SIDR as the control plane for scale. And somehow the talk about UltraCluster for AI (20k+ GPU). Maybe that is related to this collaboration NVIDIA-AWS. Interesting that there is no mention to QoS, he said no oversubscription. In general, everything is high level, and done in-house, and very likely they facing problems that very few companies in the world are facing. Still would be nice to open all those techs (like Google has done – but never for network infra). As well, I think he hits the nail on the head how he defines himself from Network Engineer to Technologist, as at the end of the day, you touch all topics.

AWS backbone: No chassis, all pizza boxes

Graviton4: More ARM chips in cloud-scale

Groq: Didnt know this “GPU” alternative. Interesting numbers. Let’s see if somebody buys it.

Petals: Run LLMs bittorrent style!

Google view after 18 years: Very nice read about the culture shift in the company, from do not evil, to make lots of many at any cost.

GTP-Crawler: Negative thing, you need the pay version of chatgpt. I wonder, If I crawke cisco, juniper and arista, what would be nearly all network knowledge in the planet? If that crawler can get ALL that date.

Linux/VAX porting: Something that I want to keep (ATP).

dmesg -T: How many times (in even more years!!!!) I wondered how to make those timestamp to something I could compare with then debugging.

VimGPT – Maia AI – Mirai – Reptar – Mellanox Debian – RISC-V DC – Mojo – Moors Law

VimGTP: Very interesting project. I haven’t used it. But thinking aloud, you could use it to interact with sites that dont have API (couriers)? I think with Selenium you can do things like that?

Maia AI: CLoud providers like to be masters of their own destiny so try to build as many things by themselves as possible. So now MS has developed its GPU for AI. It is quite interesting the custom rack they had to built with the sidekick for cooling down the new chips. There are no many figures about the chip (5nm, 105b transistors) to compare with other things in the market.

Reptar: new Intel CPU vulnerability. It looks like is a feature from Ice Lake architecture. It looks like you can crash the cores but no yet take over. Still interesting.

I am not affected 🙂

$ grep fsrm /proc/cpuinfo
$

Mellanox with Debian: Interesting how you can install a nearly standard Debian into a Mellanox SN2700 switch.

RISC-V into datacenter: Happy to see RISC-V chips in the datacenter. But not clear who is going to use them?

Mirai history: I think most of wired articles read like a holywood movie 🙂 Although 2016 security issues are “old” school, still interesting how teenagers got that far.

Mojo: Interesting because of the people behind of it… really impressive.

Moor’s law analysis: I liked the part about networks, that is not very common mentioned in these type of analysis.

FP8-LM

From the AlphaSignal email list, that most of the times go over my lame knowledge, I found this piece of info, quite interesting:

FP8-LM: Training FP8 Large Language Models

Goal: Optimize LLM training with FP8 low-bit data formats.
Issue: High cost of LLM computational resources.
Solution: FP8 automatic mixed-precision framework for LLMs.
Results: Reduced memory by 42%, increased speed by 64%.
Insight: FP8 maintains accuracy, optimizes training efficiency.

Repo. Paper

This is something I want to really understand at one point. FP (Floating-Point) instructions can be from several sizes (8, 16, 32, 64). So the bigger, the better precision. I guess for some scientific tasks that is important. But looks like for AI, with FP8 could be good enough.

Limits Computer Performance

Reading across this blog, I came to this statement:

What limits computer performance today is predictability, and the two big ones are instruction/branch predictability, and data locality.

That is from this interview. I dont kown Jim Keller but it is a long and interesting conversation. I liked it when he says he was the laziest person at Tesla!

And actually I found a tab from his company

HotChips

I didnt know anything about this conference until the last two months started to read news about it from different blogs. I am surprised the webpage doesnt link to the videos. This one is quite interesting but after the 15 minute becomes very hardcode for me.